Classic blackjack is traditionally played with a standard 52-card deck, excluding jokers. In practice, most casino versions use multiple decks, usually between 2 and 8. What defines classic blackjack is its straightforward rules, emphasis on basic strategy, and the absence of side bets or gimmicks. It's the purest form of the game, where the objective is simple: beat the dealer without going over 21.
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In online casinos, blackjack can often be played across multiple hands simultaneously. The number of decks used affects the house edge, as follows:
Number of Decks | House Edge |
---|---|
One deck | 0.17% |
Two decks | 0.46% |
Four decks | 0.64% |
Six decks | 0.65% |
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Scoring in Blackjack
Scoring in blackjack is straightforward: cards from 2 to 9 are worth their face value, while 10, Jack, Queen, and King are each worth 10 points. The Ace is unique because it can count as either 1 or 11, depending on which value benefits the hand more *.

* The dual value of an Ace leads to two types of hands:
- Hard Hand: The Ace counts as 1. For example, a hand with cards 5 and 7 totals exactly 12 points. Similarly, a hand such as 3-5-7-A totals 16, with Ace valued at 1 to avoid exceeding 21.
- Soft Hand: The Ace can count as either 1 or 11 without exceeding 21. For instance, a hand with cards 4, 5, and Ace can total either 10 or 20.
Classic Blackjack Rules
Before the game begins, players place their bets, and the dealer then deals the cards. Depending on the specific rules, one or two cards may be dealt face-up initially. After receiving their cards, players choose their next moves based on their initial hand. The dealer takes cards last and must draw until reaching at least 17 points, at which point the dealer must stop.
Keep in mind: achieving blackjack is not the primary goal. To win, you simply need a hand that beats the dealer’s without exceeding 21.

- Player
- Dealer
- Table rules
- Dealer's hand
- Player's hand
- Chip rack
- Betting area
- Chips
- Decks
In land-based casinos, players generally aren’t allowed to touch their cards and should use hand gestures to communicate with the dealer.
Double
Players may double their initial bet to receive exactly one additional card. Note:
- Some game variations do not allow doubling.
- The allowed doubling amount may vary.
Split
If the first two cards have the same value, the player can split them into two separate hands. Each hand receives an additional card and is played independently. This option comes with specific rules and restrictions that vary by game:
- Each split hand receives an additional card.
- Each hand is played independently.
- Some casinos restrict splitting to identical face cards (e.g., J-J can be split, but J-K cannot).
- A split hand totaling 21 does not count as blackjack.
- Some blackjack variants allow repeated splits, but doubling afterward may be prohibited.
Surrender
Surrender is a rule that lets the player give up their hand and recover half of the original bet. It’s used when the odds look especially bad. If allowed, the hand ends immediately, and the dealer’s cards are no longer relevant. There are two types of surrender, depending on when it’s offered:
- Late surrender: Only possible if the dealer does not initially hold blackjack. Typically, the dealer checks their hand first when showing a 10 or Ace.
- Early surrender: Available before the dealer checks for blackjack.
Insurance
Insurance is a side bet that protects against the dealer having blackjack. It’s offered when the dealer’s face-up card is an Ace, and sometimes a 10. The player places a separate bet, and if the dealer has blackjack, the insurance pays 2 to 1:
- Offered when the dealer’s face-up card is an Ace or 10-value card.
- Pays 2 to 1, compensating for a lost primary bet if the dealer has blackjack.